Sociocultural Adaptation Experiences of Students in the Merdeka Student Exchange Program (PMM) 4: A Phenomenological Study

Abstract

This study explored the social and cultural adaptation experiences of students participating in the Merdeka Student Exchange Program (PMM) 4 in a new campus environment. The study was conducted to address the challenges faced by students when adapting to diverse social and cultural contexts outside their home regions. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed, involving participants who had completed one semester of the program. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed using phenomenological procedures, including the identification of significant statements, formulation of meanings, clustering of themes, and validation through member checking. The findings revealed five major themes: initial experiences in the new environment, dynamics of social interaction and cultural differences, adaptation processes and challenges, adaptation strategies and environmental support, and the meaning of adaptation in the context of diversity. Students encountered emotional, social, academic, and cultural challenges but were able to overcome them through active engagement in social interactions and support from their surroundings. The study concluded that adaptation was a multidimensional process that enhanced students’ adjustment and shaped their perspectives in valuing diversity. These findings provided practical insights for improving student support systems in exchange programs.