Optimizing Lecturer Engagement through Educational Human Resource Development: A POP-HR Approach

Abstract

This study examined educational human resource development strategies using the Modeling and Optimization of Management Resources (POP-HR) approach to strengthen lecturer engagement in higher education. The study was conducted to address the limited effectiveness of human resource management in fostering lecturer engagement. A mixed-methods design was employed, beginning with qualitative exploration and followed by quantitative modeling using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), and prioritization through SITOREM analysis. Data were collected from lecturers and analyzed to identify key factors influencing engagement. The findings indicated that lecturer empowerment, reward effectiveness, and leadership aligned with the Tut Wuri Handayani principle significantly influenced professional commitment and organizational culture, which in turn enhanced lecturer engagement. Mediation analysis showed that professional commitment provided the most consistent pathway in translating managerial interventions into increased engagement. The study concluded that the POP-HR approach offered a systematic framework for optimizing human resource strategies through factor mapping, causal modeling, and priority setting. These findings suggested that targeted investments in empowerment, meaningful rewards, organizational culture, and adaptive leadership were essential in improving lecturer engagement.